Since 2000 there has been an effort to assign everything that exists in the digital world such as online articles with a unique number called a Digital Object Identifier or a DOI. The DOI is unique, permanent, and persistent. It remains the same despite changes in URL's or permanent removal from the Internet.
In APA style, use the DOI in citations whenever possible. If no DOI is present, try the free DOI lookup from CrossRef. For more information, watch the short video, Citing an article with a DOI and without a DOI (University of Maryland University College). If you have questions, Webster students, faculty and staff should contact the Webster U. Library Reference Department (info in the Help box).
Visit http://www.webster.edu/writingcenter for more help with citations and writing.
These websites will assist you in building citations for your bibliographies. Always check your citations against a style manual to make sure they are correct.
Some citation guides ask you to provide a URL for certain resources . The URL for each of the library's databases can be found on our Alphabetical list of databases page.
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